Lighting Contactors
Controlling large commercial lighting systems can be accomplished with electrical devices known as lighting contactors. With the capability of local or remote switching, these controls enable lights to be turned on and off from a central location or even through automation systems.
There are two fundamental kinds of lighting contactors: electrically held and mechanically held. Electrically held lighting contactors use an electromagnet to keep the contacts in position while de-energized. This ensures illuminations remain lit by default. On the other hand, mechanically held contactors utilize latching mechanisms to do the same thing. They too require continuous electricity to keep lights on—otherwise, they turn off; whereas electrically held units will continue providing light when not powered by a coil (i.e., when not switched ON).
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More Information about Lighting Contactors
Lighting contactors are suitable for a range of lighting control accessories, including incandescent-filament lamps, fluorescent lights, high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, and tungsten-halogen bulbs. They can handle the high initial currents associated with these kinds of lighting. In general, they work well when the loads are not too high or too inductive; ideally, they should be used with motors and discernible heating elements.
FAQs
What is a ballast?
A ballast is an electrical device that regulates the current to fluorescent and HID lamps, ensuring they receive the correct voltage and current to start and operate efficiently.
Motor Control Basics
Motor control allows operational control of electrical motors in various environments.
Motor control circuits provide a safe way to operate electrical motors. Back when motor control circuits were in their infancy, it would have been common to see a simple disconnect switch that would be used to turn on and off a motor. Depending on the size of the motor and how much voltage was required, operating this disconnect would have been dangerous, with a very high possibility of arcing or electrocution. Not to mention that when the disconnect was actuated, the large amount of inrush current would have damaged the motor over time.
In today's motor control circuits, there are a few common pieces of hardware.
A circuit breaker is used to protect the motor and any hardware downstream. A contactor and an overload relay are connected together and function in tandem to allow for remote and safe operation of the motor. The contactor functions much like a relay, allowing for a smaller electrical circuit to remotely close the motor contacts, starting the motor. The overload relay is designed to protect the motor in the case of a prolonged overcurrent event. These two devices are wired in series, so that if the overload relay detects an overcurrent event, the contactor will open the motor contacts, shutting off power to the motor.
The other two most common types of motor control hardware are a soft starter and a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD).
Both of these devices function in a similar way to the motor circuit with some added functions. The soft starter is designed to reduce large inrush current to the motor upon startup. This “soft starting” of the motor will prolong its life and allow for safer operation. The VFD performs the soft start functions, but also allows for speed control of the motor. This speed control is critical in many different environments and has made VFDs one of the most common and safe to use motor control circuits today.