Solar Batteries

Solar power systems in remote or off-grid locations are a reliable and cost-effective way to create usable power. A solar power system is made up of solar panels, a charge controller, a battery and a power inverter. When sunlight hits the solar panels, photons and electrons interact to create a direct current (DC). The electrical current travels from the panels to the power inverter which converts the DC to a useable alternating current (AC).

The power output of a solar panel system is not always consistent depending on the amount of sunlight it receives. When the panels receive no sunlight, no power is output and any device directly powered by the panels will cease to operate. This is where a battery comes in. The DC created by the solar panels will travel through a charge controller which will regulate the current and voltage to make sure that the batteries are at their highest state of charge without overcharging. Solar batteries store power from the solar power system based on its amp hour rating. This is the the number of amps a battery can output in one hour before needing to be charged. 

Deep cycle batteries are the best choice for solar power systems. Lithium and lead acid batteries can have deep cycle capabilities. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have a useable capacity of 80-100% and have the fastest recharge rate. They have an extremely long cycle life and provide constant voltage over any rate of discharge. Valve regulated lead-acid (VRLA) Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) batteries have a usable capacity of 80% and a charging efficiency of 95%. They are maintenance-free and fast-charging.