DC to DC Voltage Converters

DC to DC converters are devices that convert direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another. Switched-mode DC to DC converters temporarily store the input energy and then release that energy to the output at a different voltage. The storage may be in electric field storage components (capacitors) or in magnetic field storage components (transformers or inductors). Switching conversion is often more power-efficient (around 75% to 98%) than linear voltage regulations, which dissipates unwanted power as heat. Switched-mode converters increase the battery endurance of portable equipment. DC to DC converters use switches, capacitors and inductors to reduce switching noise and maintain consistent and regulated DC voltage that is often from a source that is fluctuating and not constant.

DC to DC converters can be classified according to the voltage change that is performed. Buck converters step down input voltage to a lower output voltage. Boost converters step up input voltage to a higher output voltage. Buck-boost converters are dual-purpose converters that can increase or decrease voltage levels. 

Industrial automation, control, monitoring and testing utilize DC at different voltages. Industrial power supplies that convert AC power to the required DC power sometimes only provide a single voltage level. DC to DC converters can supply the required voltages levels for the various components. Some industrial power supplies may create small output voltage fluctuations that could be harmful to connected equipment. DC to DC converters help to maintain steady voltage levels even with input fluctuations.