Solar
Solar Cables are a combination of several insulated wires wrapped in an outer jacket. They are used to interconnect solar panels and other components of an off-grid solar system. They can withstand high temperatures, high UV radiation and all types of weather. Solar cables vary in diameter depending on the number of wires they contain and can be classified into three different types: DC solar cables, solar DC main cables and solar AC connection cables.
Solar Panels absorb sunlight with photovoltaic cells to create a direct current (DC). This current is routed through a solar charge controller and then directed to a battery bank for storage. Current can then be drawn from the battery through a DC to AC solar inverter to create usable power.
Solar Charge Controllers are used to deliver power from solar panels to system loads and to solar batteries. When the batteries are nearly full, the charge controller will taper off the charging current to maintain the required voltage to fully charge the batteries and keep them topped off. By regulating the voltage, the charge controller protects the batteries from overcharging and undercharging.
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Solar Lightning Arrestors are designed to absorb voltage spikes caused by lightning, allowing the surge to bypass wiring and equipment. They are connected to wires just before they enter any part of the solar system. Most wires running more than 100 feet will experience lightning-induced transients at some time. Because the transient is usually initiated at some point between the two ends of the wire, most applications will install a lightning arrestor just before the wire enters the equipment to be protected. The lightning arrestor is also connected to ground and routes the energy from the over-voltage transient to ground.
Power Inverters convert DC power stored in the solar battery bank to AC power that can be used as needed. Selecting a proper inverter for an off-grid solar system is based on the maximum load that will be powered, the maximum surge required, the output voltage required and the input battery voltage. The size of an inverter is measured by its maximum continuous output in watts. This rating needs to be larger than the total wattage of all of the AC loads that will be run at one time. The inverter’s input voltage range must match the voltage range of the battery bank. The voltage of the battery bank reaches its lowest value when the batteries are discharged and its highest value when they are fully charged.
How Solar Power Works in Industrial Applications
A basic solar setup includes:
- Solar panels. The solar panel is going to absorb sunlight and convert that sunlight into energy.
- Charge controllers. The charge controller is going to direct the energy that's absorbed by the solar panel to specific locations.
- Batteries. A battery stores energy that is absorbed by the solar panel when it is not being used by the electrical load.
- Inverters. An inverter takes DC power and converts it to AC power for use in homes or businesses.
The solar panel is absorbs sunlight and converts that sunlight into energy, in this case, DC power. That energy is going to be transferred over to the charge controller, which dictates where that energy actually goes. The charge controller is going to be wired to both the battery and it's also going to be wired to an electrical load. The charge controller will monitor the energy that is coming off of the solar panel and determine where that power is needed. For instance, if power is needed for an electrical load, it will send power in that direction. If there's no power that's needed for that electrical load, it will send power to the battery to store for later use. In the case where there is no need for power at the electrical load and the battery is full, the charge controller will dissipate that energy in the form of heat. In other applications, an inverter may be used in a solar setup. The inverter works by drawing energy, DC power, from the solar panel. It converts that energy into AC power, which can then be used in homes and businesses.